扎克伯格在清华大学的演讲（扎克伯格励志故事励志|扎克伯格哈佛毕业演讲：如何逆袭成富豪，没人从开始就知道如何做）
13年前，小扎从哈佛辍学，专心开发 Facebook。13年后的今天，哈佛授予了本科没毕业的他荣誉博士学位，并邀请他给2017届毕业生做演讲。由此，33岁的小扎成为了哈佛历史上最年轻的毕业演讲嘉宾。
在细雨蒙蒙的哈佛广场上，辍学生扎克伯格终于被授予了学位证书，像他15年前预测的那样。
15年前，在收到录取通知书那天，扎克伯格和家人做了一个预测。
他的母亲表示小扎一定会辍学（真是知子莫若母啊……), 妹妹曾经表示自己会比哥哥更早毕业，扎克伯格自己则表示他一定会拿到学位证书。现在看来，小扎一家简直都是666的神算子。
只是，他唯一算错了的是，曾经连本科课程都没有完成的他竟然最终拿到了哈佛法学院颁发的博士学位证书。当他自己听说自己被邀请回到哈佛参加毕业演讲后，和比尔·盖茨开玩笑问道：他们应该知道我们没有毕业对吧？
不过，除了单纯地回到母校接受证书外，更重要的是，33岁的他成为了哈佛大学第366届毕业典礼的演讲者，也是哈佛建校历史上最年轻的毕业典礼演讲者。
在一封邀请信中，校方这样形容扎克伯格：扎克伯格的领导能力深深地影响了全世界的社交行为。同时校长Drew Faust更是给出了超高评价：在现在这个时代，没有多少发明创新能和扎克伯格所做的去相提并论。
尽管这场演讲今天才开始，但是小扎同学已经提前兴奋一周了——基本属于见到谁和谁“炫耀”一下自己演讲的事情。
▲开场前，穿着西装打了领带的小扎还是很紧张的，情不自禁地都把左手放在椅子把手上，还临上台前整理了一下衣着。
他先在Facebook上晒出了他父亲15年前拍下的他点开邮件收到哈佛录取通知书的一幕，当时的他样子非常青涩。扎克伯格在演讲中解释了当时发生的一切：“我当时正在玩电脑游戏，我也不知道我爸怎么会突然让我查邮件，结果竟然真的有录取通知书。最可怕的是，我爸竟然还真的正好录了下来。”
“哈佛是世界上最好的大学，也是我让父母最骄傲的那唯一一件事情。”这位身价排名全世界前五的年轻人这样在哈佛毕业典礼的演讲上表示。
“你看，我的母亲就在不停的点头。”扎克伯格看向台下的父母 （看到扎克伯格父亲看妻子的眼神，就明白为什么扎克伯格天天给吃瓜群众撒狗粮的技能是哪里来的啦）。
除了提前在Facebook上晒青涩视频，扎克伯格还兴奋地打了飞的跑去和另一位世界最知名辍学生比尔·盖茨“炫耀”了自己被母校邀请回去演讲这件事。
同样从哈佛辍学，最终又被学校授予学位证、邀请回校演讲的比尔·盖茨这次变身段子手，这样回答了扎克伯格的问题：
小扎：盖茨前辈，哈佛要我给毕业生演讲，可他们知道我们其实都没有毕业过吧？
盖茨：这就是最妙的地方了！哈佛还会送你一个学位呢！最重要的是，要在参加授位典礼的时候，光着身子穿学位袍裸奔！
你以为这就完了吗？扎克伯格在拜访完比尔盖茨后，又带着自己在哈佛最大的收获——和自己志趣相投的终身伴侣普莉希拉陈一起回到了当年他所居住的宿舍开始了一段为时20分钟的“忆往昔峥嵘岁月稠”的公开线上直播。除了撒狗粮外，扎克伯格不断在直播中表示在哈佛的岁月是他人生中最值得怀念的一段岁月。他像每一个毕业后的人一样，和太太一起回忆十三年前在哈佛的生活、彼此遇到的故事，以及回忆了自己的每一个舍友。
不出意料的，在哈佛的毕业典礼演讲上，扎克伯格又又又又又表白了太太。
“我的太太普莉希拉陈是我在哈佛最美好的回忆。而她也是我一生中最重要的人，无可取代。”他手捂心口看向穿着雨衣坐在台下的太太。
▲在台上演讲的扎克伯格同坐在台下的普莉希拉陈的眼神交流，满满都是爱啊
扎克伯格开始表白，大方地回忆起整追求普莉希拉陈的全过程：
“但我在哈佛最美好的回忆，是我遇见了我的妻子。当时我刚上线网站（一个恶作剧网站，差点害得扎克伯格被开除）Facemash，即将遭到校方“接我”。所有人都认为我要被开除了，甚至连我的父母都飞过来帮我打包行李。我的朋友于是为了搞了告别派对，而在派对的卫生间门口排队时，我第一次遇到了我的太太普莉希拉。我告诉她：‘我三天后就要被赶出学校了，我们必须马上快速开始约会。’”
当听到这克伯格表白，普莉希拉坐在人群中，感动得哭了起来。
在感谢完自己的太太后，扎克伯格正式开始了自己对于年轻人的建议。
“今天我想谈谈‘目标’（purpose）。但我这次并不是要给你们一个标准的关于找到目标的毕业演讲。”扎克伯格说：“我在这里要告诉你们的是，找到你们的目标并不够，我们这一代真正的挑战是创造一个世界，其中每一个人都能有‘目标感’（sense of purpose）。”
“目标感，是我们感受到自己属于某种大于自我的东西，感受到我们被需要，我们有一些更好的事情可以为之努力。真正的幸福来自目标。”
“为了推动我们的社会前进，我们这一代的挑战并不仅仅是创造新的工作岗位，而是创造全新的目标感。”
“我还记得在我宿舍小小房间里推出Facebook的那个晚上。我还记得告诉我的朋友，能够连接整个哈佛社区我很兴奋，但有一天，有人会连接整个世界。
然而，我从没想过这个人会是我们。我们只是大学生，我们什么都不懂，而这些大型科技公司有的是资源。我只是假设他们中的一个会这么做。但当时这个想法对我们来说是那么清晰——所有人都想要连接到一起。所以我们不断推进，日复一日。
我知道你们中的很多人都有类似这样的故事。世界上有些改变看起来那么清晰，你很确信有人会去做，但他们没有做，你做了。
但你自己有目标并不够，你要为其他人创造目标感。”
扎克伯格说，有三种方式可以创造一个世界让每个人都有目标感：一起做有意义的项目；重新定义平等，让每个人都有自由追求目标；建立跨世界的社区。
关于“做有意义的项目”，扎克伯格说：“每一代人都有决定性意义的工程。超过三十万人一起合作把人类送上了月球——包括清洁工。数百万志愿者为预防小儿麻痹症在全世界为孩子们打疫苗。数百万人一起建造胡佛水坝，以及其他不计其数的伟大项目。”
“这些项目并不仅仅为做这些工作的人提供了目标，也给我们国家荣誉感，让我们能做伟大的事情。现在轮到我们来做伟大的事情了。”
也许你不知道如何建水坝，也不知道如何召唤数百万人来一起做一件事情，但“没有人在开始的时候知道这一点。主意并不是在完全成型的时候出现的，它们只有当你开始为之努力的时候才开始日渐清晰。你只需要开始行动。”
“理想主义是好的，但要准备好被误解。任何致力于一个伟大愿景的人都会被称作‘疯狂’，即便你最终成功。任何努力解决复杂问题的人，都会被指责并不完全理解其中的挑战，尽管刚开始并不可能知道一切。任何积极主动的人都会被批评行动太快，因为总有人想要让你放慢脚步。
在这个社会里，我们总是不去做一些事，因为我们太害怕犯错，以至于我们宁愿什么都不做而避免，去忽略今天所有的错事。现实是，我们做的任何事情未来都有可能会出问题，但这并不能妨碍我们开始。”
最后，他借用了一句祷告文，是他每次在面临挑战时会对自己说的，也是在想到他女儿Max的未来时会唱的一句话：May the source of strength, who blessed the ones before us, help us *find the courage* to make our lives a blessing.
并祝愿2017届毕业生“找到让生活美好的勇气”（find the courage to make your life a blessing）。
小札在演讲后发文说：“今天我在哈佛发表了毕业演讲。这次演讲对我个人来说很重要，我已经写了很长时间。我的主旨是关于目标’。作为千禧代（millennials)，找到我们的目标并不够，我们这一代真正的挑战是创造一个世界，其中每一个人都能有‘目标感’。这是真正幸福的关键，也是我们推动社会前进的唯一道路。”
扎克伯格2017哈佛毕业典礼演讲英文全文如下：
Harvard Commencement 2017
President Faust, Board of Overseers, faculty, alumni, friends, proud parents, members of the ad board, and graduates of the greatest university in the world,
Im honored to be with you today because, lets face it, you accomplished something I never could. If I get through this speech, itll be the first time I actually finish something at Harvard. Class of 2017, congratulations!
Im an unlikely speaker, not just because I dropped out, but because were technically in the same generation. We walked this yard less than a decade apart, studied the same ideas and slept through the same Ec10 lectures. We may have taken different paths to get here, especially if you came all the way from the Quad, but today I want to share what Ive learned about our generation and the world were building together.
But first, the last couple of days have brought back a lot of good memories.How many of you remember exactly what you were doing when you got that email telling you that you got into Harvard? I was playing Civilization and I ran downstairs, got my dad, and for some reason, his reaction was to video me opening the email. That could have been a really sad video. I swear getting into Harvard is still the thing my parents are most proud of me for.
What about your first lecture at Harvard? Mine was Computer Science 121 with the incredible Harry Lewis. I was late so I threw on a t-shirt and didnt realize until afterwards it was inside out and backwards with my tag sticking out the front. I couldnt figure out why no one would talk to me -- except one guy, KX Jin, he just went with it. We ended up doing our problem sets together, and now he runs a big part of Facebook. And that, Class of 2017, is why you should be nice to people.
But my best memory from Harvard was meeting Priscilla. I had just launched this prank website Facemash, and the ad board wanted to "see me". Everyone thought I was going to get kicked out. My parents came to help me pack. My friends threw me a going away party. As luck would have it, Priscilla was at that party with her friend. We met in line for the bathroom in the Pfoho Belltower, and in what must be one of the all time romantic lines, I said: "Im going to get kicked out in three days, so we need to go on a date quickly."
Actually, any of you graduating can use that line.I didnt end up getting kicked out -- I did that to myself. Priscilla and I started dating. And, you know, that movie made it seem like Facemash was so important to creating Facebook. It wasnt. But without Facemash I wouldnt have met Priscilla, and shes the most important person in my life, so you could say it was the most important thing I built in my time here.
Weve all started lifelong friendships here, and some of us even families. Thats why Im so grateful to this place.Thanks, Harvard.
Today I want to talk about purpose. But Im not here to give you the standard commencement about finding your purpose. Were millennials. Well try to do that instinctively. Instead, Im here to tell you finding your purpose isnt enough. The challenge for our generation is creating a world where everyone has a sense of purpose.
One of my favorite stories is when John F Kennedy visited the NASA space center, he saw a janitor carrying a broom and he walked over and asked what he was doing. The janitor responded: "Mr. President, Im helping put a man on the moon".
Purpose is that sense that we are part of something bigger than ourselves, that we are needed, that we have something better ahead to work for. Purpose is what creates true happiness.
Youre graduating at a time when this is especially important. When our parents graduated, purpose reliably came from your job, your church, your community. But today, technology and automation are eliminating many jobs. Membership in communities is declining. Many people feel disconnected and depressed, and are trying to fill a void.
As Ive traveled around, Ive sat with children in juvenile detention and opioid addicts, who told me their lives could have turned out differently if they just had something to do, an after school program or somewhere to go. Ive met factory workers who know their old jobs arent coming back and are trying to find their place.
To keep our society moving forward, we have a generational challenge -- to not only create new jobs, but create a renewed sense of purpose.
I remember the night I launched Facebook from my little dorm in Kirkland House. I went to Nochs with my friend KX. I remember telling him I was excited to connect the Harvard community, but one day someone would connect the whole world.
The thing is, it never even occurred to me that someone might be us. We were just college kids. We didnt know anything about that. There were all these big technology companies with resources. I just assumed one of them would do it. But this idea was so clear to us -- that all people want to connect. So we just kept moving forward, day by day.
I know a lot of you will have your own stories just like this. A change in the world that seems so clear youre sure someone else will do it. But they wont. You will.
But its not enough to have purpose yourself. You have to create a sense of purpose for others.
I found that out the hard way. You see, my hope was never to build a company, but to make an impact. And as all these people started joining us, I just assumed thats what they cared about too, so I never explained what I hoped wed build.
A couple years in, some big companies wanted to buy us. I didnt want to sell. I wanted to see if we could connect more people. We were building the first News Feed, and I thought if we could just launch this, it could change how we learn about the world.
Nearly everyone else wanted to sell. Without a sense of higher purpose, this was the startup dream come true. It tore our company apart. After one tense argument, an advisor told me if I didnt agree to sell, I would regret the decision for the rest of my life. Relationships were so frayed that within a year or so every single person on the management team was gone.
That was my hardest time leading Facebook. I believed in what we were doing, but I felt alone. And worse, it was my fault. I wondered if I was just wrong, an imposter, a 22 year-old kid who had no idea how the world worked.
Now, years later, I understand that *is* how things work with no sense of higher purpose. Its up to us to create it so we can all keep moving forward together.
Today I want to talk about three ways to create a world where everyone has a sense of purpose: by taking on big meaningful projects together, by redefining equality so everyone has the freedom to pursue purpose, and by building community across the world.
First, lets take on big meaningful projects.
Our generation will have to deal with tens of millions of jobs replaced by automation like self-driving cars and trucks. But we have the potential to do so much more together.
Every generation has its defining works. More than 300,000 people worked to put a man on the moon – including that janitor. Millions of volunteers immunized children around the world against polio. Millions of more people built the Hoover dam and other great projects.
These projects didnt just provide purpose for the people doing those jobs, they gave our whole country a sense of pride that we could do great things.
Now its our turn to do great things. I know, youre probably thinking: I dont know how to build a dam, or get a million people involved in anything.
But let me tell you a secret: no one does when they begin. Ideas dont come out fully formed. They only become clear as you work on them. You just have to get started.
If I had to understand everything about connecting people before I began, I never would have started Facebook.
Movies and pop culture get this all wrong. The idea of a single eureka moment is a dangerous lie. It makes us feel inadequate since we havent had ours. It prevents people with seeds of good ideas from getting started. Oh, you know what else movies get wrong about innovation? No one writes math formulas on glass. Thats not a thing.
Its good to be idealistic. But be prepared to be misunderstood. Anyone working on a big vision will get called crazy, even if you end up right. Anyone working on a complex problem will get blamed for not fully understanding the challenge, even though its impossible to know everything upfront. Anyone taking initiative will get criticized for moving too fast, because theres always someone who wants to slow you down.
In our society, we often dont do big things because were so afraid of making mistakes that we ignore all the things wrong today if we do nothing. The reality is, anything we do will have issues in the future. But that cant keep us from starting.
So what are we waiting for? Its time for our generation-defining public works. How about stopping climate change before we destroy the planet and getting millions of people involved manufacturing and installing solar panels? How about curing all diseases and asking volunteers to track their health data and share their genomes? Today we spend 50x more treating people who are sick than we spend finding cures so people don’t get sick in the first place. That makes no sense. We can fix this. How about modernizing democracy so everyone can vote online, and personalizing education so everyone can learn?
These achievements are within our reach. Lets do them all in a way that gives everyone in our society a role. Lets do big things, not only to create progress, but to create purpose.
So taking on big meaningful projects is the first thing we can do to create a world where everyone has a sense of purpose.
The second is redefining equality to give everyone the freedom they need to pursue purpose.
Many of our parents had stable jobs throughout their careers. Now were all entrepreneurial, whether were starting projects or finding or role. And thats great. Our culture of entrepreneurship is how we create so much progress.
Now, an entrepreneurial culture thrives when its easy to try lots of new ideas. Facebook wasnt the first thing I built. I also built games, chat systems, study tools and music players. Im not alone. JK Rowling got rejected 12 times before publishing Harry Potter. Even Beyonce had to make hundreds of songs to get Halo. The greatest successes come from having the freedom to fail.
But today, we have a level of wealth inequality that hurts everyone. When you dont have the freedom to take your idea and turn it into a historic enterprise, we all lose. Right now our society is way over-indexed on rewarding success and we dont do nearly enough to make it easy for everyone to take lots of shots.
Lets face it. There is something wrong with our system when I can leave here and make billions of dollars in 10 years while millions of students cant afford to pay off their loans, let alone start a business.
Look, I know a lot of entrepreneurs, and I dont know a single person who gave up on starting a business because they might not make enough money. But I know lots of people who havent pursued dreams because they didnt have a cushion to fall back on if they failed.
We all know we dont succeed just by having a good idea or working hard. We succeed by being lucky too. If I had to support my family growing up instead of having time to code, if I didnt know Id be fine if Facebook didnt work out, I wouldnt be standing here today. If were honest, we all know how much luck weve had.
Every generation expands its definition of equality. Previous generations fought for the vote and civil rights. They had the New Deal and Great Society. Now its our time to define a new social contract for our generation.
We should have a society that measures progress not just by economic metrics like GDP, but by how many of us have a role we find meaningful. We should explore ideas like universal basic income to give everyone a cushion to try new things. We’re going to change jobs many times, so we need affordable childcare to get to work and healthcare that arent tied to one company. Were all going to make mistakes, so we need a society that focuses less on locking us up or stigmatizing us. And as technology keeps changing, we need to focus more on continuous education throughout our lives.
And yes, giving everyone the freedom to pursue purpose isnt free. People like me should pay for it. Many of you will do well and you should too.
Thats why Priscilla and I started the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative and committed our wealth to promoting equal opportunity. These are the values of our generation. It was never a question of if we were going to do this. The only question was when.
Millennials are already one of the most charitable generations in history. In one year, three of four US millennials made a donation and seven out of ten raised money for charity.
But its not just about money. You can also give time. I promise you, if you take an hour or two a week -- thats all it takes to give someone a hand, to help them reach their potential.
Maybe you think thats too much time. I used to. When Priscilla graduated from Harvard she became a teacher, and before shed do education work with me, she told me I needed to teach a class. I complained: "Well, Im kind of busy. Im running this company." But she insisted, so I taught a middle school program on entrepreneurship at the local Boys and Girls Club.
I taught them lessons on product development and marketing, and they taught me what its like feeling targeted for your race and having a family member in prison. I shared stories from my time in school, and they shared their hope of one day going to college too. For five years now, I’ve been having dinner with those kids every month. One of them threw me and Priscilla our first baby shower. And next year they’re going to college. Every one of them. First in their families.
We can all make time to give someone a hand. Lets give everyone the freedom to pursue their purpose -- not only because its the right thing to do, but because when more people can turn their dreams into something great, were all better for it.
Purpose doesnt only come from work. The third way we can create a sense of purpose for everyone is by building community. And when our generation says "everyone", we mean everyone in the world.
Quick show of hands: how many of you are from another country? Now, how many of you are friends with one of these folks? Now were talking. We have grown up connected.
In a survey asking millennials around the world what defines our identity, the most popular answer wasnt nationality, religion or ethnicity, it was "citizen of the world". Thats a big deal.
Every generation expands the circle of people we consider "one of us". For us, it now encompasses the entire world.
We understand the great arc of human history bends towards people coming together in ever greater numbers -- from tribes to cities to nations -- to achieve things we couldnt on our own.
We get that our greatest opportunities are now global -- we can be the generation that ends poverty, that ends disease.
We get that our greatest challenges need global responses too -- no country can fight climate change alone or prevent pandemics. Progress now requires coming together not just as cities or nations, but also as a global community.
But we live in an unstable time. There are people left behind by globalization across the world. Its hard to care about people in other places if we don’t feel good about our lives here at home. There’s pressure to turn inwards.
This is the struggle of our time. The forces of freedom, openness and global community against the forces of authoritarianism, isolationism and nationalism. Forces for the flow of knowledge, trade and immigration against those who would slow them down. This is not a battle of nations, its a battle of ideas. There are people in every country for global connection and good people against it.
This isnt going to be decided at the UN either. Its going to happen at the local level, when enough of us feel a sense of purpose and stability in our own lives that we can open up and start caring about everyone. The best way to do that is to start building local communities right now.
We all get meaning from our communities. Whether our communities are houses or sports teams, churches or music groups, they give us that sense we are part of something bigger, that we are not alone; they give us the strength to expand our horizons.
Thats why its so striking that for decades, membership in all kinds of groups has declined as much as one-quarter.
Thats a lot of people who now need to find purpose somewhere else.But I know we can rebuild our communities and start new ones because many of you already are.
I met Agnes Igoye, whos graduating today. Where are you, Agnes? She spent her childhood navigating conflict zones in Uganda, and now she trains thousands of law enforcement officers to keep communities safe.
I met Kayla Oakley and Niha Jain, graduating today, too. Stand up. Kayla and Niha started a non-profit that connects people suffering from illnesses with people in their communities willing to help.
I met David Razu Aznar, graduating from the Kennedy School today. David, stand up. He’s a former city councilor who successfully led the battle to make Mexico City the first Latin American city to pass marriage equality -- even before San Francisco.
This is my story too. A student in a dorm room, connecting one community at a time, and keeping at it until one day we connect the whole world.
Change starts local. Even global changes start small -- with people like us. In our generation, the struggle of whether we connect more, whether we achieve our biggest opportunities, comes down to this -- your ability to build communities and create a world where every single person has a sense of purpose.
Class of 2017, you are graduating into a world that needs purpose. Its up to you to create it.
Now, you may be thinking: can I really do this?
Remember when I told you about that class I taught at the Boys and Girls Club? One day after class I was talking to them about college, and one of my top students raised his hand and said he wasnt sure he could go because hes undocumented. He didnt know if theyd let him in.
Last year I took him out to breakfast for his birthday. I wanted to get him a present, so I asked him and he started talking about students he saw struggling and said "You know, Id really just like a book on social justice."
I was blown away. Heres a young guy who has every reason to be cynical. He didnt know if the country he calls home -- the only one hes known -- would deny him his dream of going to college. But he wasnt feeling sorry for himself. He wasnt even thinking of himself. He has a greater sense of purpose, and hes going to bring people along with him.
It says something about our current situation that I cant even say his name because I dont want to put him at risk.
But if a high school senior who doesnt know what the future holds can do his part to move the world forward, then we owe it to the world to do our part too.
Before you walk out those gates one last time, as we sit in front of Memorial Church, I am reminded of a prayer, Mi Shebeirach, that I say whenever I face a challenge, that I sing to my daughter thinking about her future when I tuck her into bed. It goes:
"May the source of strength, who blessed the ones before us, help us *find the courage* to make our lives a blessing."
I hope you find the courage to make your life a blessing.
Congratulations, Class of 17! Good luck out there.
